docker基础用法 _Docker基础

识字粗堪供赋役，不须辛苦慕公卿。这篇文章主要讲述docker基础用法相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。

??什么是docker???
?OCI& OCF?

??OCI???
??OCF???

??docker架构???
??docker镜像与镜像仓库???
??docker对象???
??安装及使用docker???
??docker安装???
??docker加速???
??docker常用操作???
??docker event state???

什么是docker?【docker基础用法】docker中的容器：?

lxc --> libcontainer --> runC?

OCI& OCF?OCI?
Open Container-initiative?

由Linux基金会主导于2015年6月创立?
旨在围绕容器格式和运行时制定一个开放的工业化标准?
contains two specifications

the Runtime Specification（runtime-spec）?
the Image Specification（image-spec）?

OCF?
Open Container Format?
runC is a CLI tool for spawning and running containers according to the OCI specification?

Containers are started as a child process of runC and can be embedded into various other systems without having to run a daemon?
runC is built on libcontainer, the same container technology powering millions of Docker Engine installations?

docker提供了一个专门容纳容器镜像的站点：??https://hub.docker.com???
docker架构?
docker镜像与镜像仓库?为什么镜像仓库名字是Registry而不是repository？在docker中仓库的名字是以应用的名称取名的。?

镜像是静态的，而容器是动态的，容器有其生命周期，镜像与容器的关系类似于程序与进程的关系。镜像类似于文件系统中的程序文件，而容器则类似于将一个程序运行起来的状态，也即进程。所以容器是可以删除的，容器被删除后其镜像是不会被删除的。?
docker对象?When you use docker, you are creating and using images, containers, networks, volumes, pluginns, and other objects.?

IMAGES

An image is a read-only template with instructions for creating a docker container.?
Often, an image is based on another image, with some additional customization.?
You might create your own images or you might only use those created by others and published in a registry.?

CONTAINERS

A conntainer is a runnable instance of an image.?
You can create, run, stop, move, or delete a container using the docker API or CLI.?
You can connect a container to one or more networks, attach storage to it, or even create a new image based on its current state.?

安装及使用docker?docker安装?
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/?
curl -o docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo?
sed -i s@https://download.docker.com@https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce@g docker-ce.repo?

yum -y install docker-ce?
docker加速?
docker-ce的配置文件是/etc/docker/daemon.json，此文件默认不存在，需要我们手动创建并进行配置，而docker的加速就是通过配置此文件来实现的。?
docker的加速有多种方式：?

docker cn?
中国科技大学加速器?
阿里云加速器（需要通过阿里云开发者平台注册帐号，免费使用个人私有的加速器）?

systemctl start docker?

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json < < EOF?
?
"registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"]?
?
EOF?

systemctl restart docker?

docker version?
docker info?
docker常用操作?

命令?	功能?
docker search?	Search the Docker Hub for images?
docker pull?	Pull an image or a repository from a registry?
docker images?	List images?
docker create?	Create a new conntainer?
docker start?	Start one or more stopped containers?
docker run?	Run a command in a new container?
docker attach?	Attach to a runninng container?
docker ps?	List containers?
docker logs?	Fetch the logs of a container?
docker restart?	Restart a container?
docker stop?	Stop one or more running containers?
docker kill?	Kill one or more running containers?
docker rm?	Remove onne or more containers?
docker exec?	Run a command in a running container?
docker info?	Display system-wide information?
docker inspect?	Return low-level information on Docker objects?