G020-OP-INS-RHEL-02 RedHat OpenStack 发放云主机（命令行）

但使书种多，会有岁稔时。这篇文章主要讲述G020-OP-INS-RHEL-02 RedHat OpenStack 发放云主机（命令行）相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
1 您需要了解

本篇采用 OpenStack 命令行进行操作
模拟弹性公网 EIP 地址段规划：采用和控制节点、计算节点及 NTP 节点同一网段即可，如：192.168.45.0/24
模拟云主机私网 IP 地址段规划：自定义网段，如：192.168.100.0/24
RedHatOpenStack 环境可参考下方 G019 博文进行搭建
文章中所提到的 公网 或 外网 或 弹性IP 均为模拟网段，本环境特指 192.168.45.0/24
发放云主机所使用的测试镜像 cirros-0.5.2-x86_64-disk.img 可 点击这里 进行下载

相关文章
G017-OS-LIN-RHEL-02 红帽 7.1 安装
G019-OP-INS-RHEL-01 PackStack 安装 RedHat OpenStack

2 环境配置 2.1 创建 BR-EX 虚拟交换机

创建 br-ex 网卡并修改如下

[root@controller ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ [root@controller network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-eno16777736 ifcfg-br-ex [root@controller network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-br-ex [root@controller network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-br-ex TYPE=OVSBridge BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes NAME=br-ex UUID=c4fd661f-6ce8-4532-ad57-4653077fefa2 DEVICE=br-ex DEVICETYPE=ovs ONBOOT=yes DNS1=192.168.45.1 IPADDR=192.168.45.150 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=192.168.45.1

原网卡内容修改如下

[root@controller network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eno16777736 [root@controller network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno16777736 TYPE=OVSPort BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes NAME=eno16777736 UUID=c4fd661f-6ce8-4532-ad57-4653077fefa2 DEVICE=eno16777736 DEVICETYPE=ovs OVS_BRIDGE=br-ex ONBOOT=yes

重启网络服务并查看 ovs

[root@controller network-scripts]# service network restart Restarting network (via systemctl):[OK] [root@controller network-scripts]# ovs-vsctl show

2.2 创建用户环境变量文件

[root@controller ~]# cp keystonerc_admin keystonerc_cloudcs [root@controller ~]# vim keystonerc_cloudcs [root@controller ~]# cat keystonerc_cloudcs export OS_USERNAME=cloudcs export OS_TENANT_NAME=cloud export OS_PASSWORD=redhat export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.45.150:5000/v2.0/ export OS_REGION_NAME=WuHan export PS1=[\\u@\\h \\W(keystone_cloudcs)]\\$

3 发放操作 3.1 创建租户（Keystone）

创建

[root@controller ~]# source keystonerc_admin [root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# keystone tenant-create --name cloud --description cloud.tenant +-------------+----------------------------------+ |Property|Value| +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description |cloud.tenant| |enabled|True| |id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 | |name|cloud| +-------------+----------------------------------+

查看

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# keystone tenant-list +----------------------------------+----------+---------+ |id|name| enabled | +----------------------------------+----------+---------+ | 4f82f5364afd4b43bd617d9db95004ce |admin|True| | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 |cloud|True| | 56efa6dbc50a4fdab535867f5cf4af4c | services |True| +----------------------------------+----------+---------+

3.2 创建用户（Keystone）

创建

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# keystone user-create --name cloudcs --pass redhat --tenant cloud +----------+----------------------------------+ | Property |Value| +----------+----------------------------------+ |email|| | enabled|True| |id| f95c9cbf86c14468bd1527b8b9bd6a9f | |name|cloudcs| | tenantId | a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871 | | username |cloudcs| +----------+----------------------------------+

查看

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# keystone user-list +----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+ |id|name| enabled |email| +----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+ | 6ab83537adee422ab19b80285f3dc650 |admin|True|root@localhost| | b9836d0742bf4846adbfa45a36b1326b | ceilometer |True| ceilometer@localhost | | 299fb3d55cdb411f9e6567ba9d90c7b9 |cinder|True|cinder@localhost| | f95c9cbf86c14468bd1527b8b9bd6a9f |cloudcs|True|| | f8aeae7e02074fc193dbf73867df1f9b |glance|True|glance@localhost| | 8006f7c5099b468385ed8b6c3280f0ff |neutron|True|neutron@localhost| | 9c2e14eea3f04de5be6ad35f4af9c389 |nova|True|nova@localhost| | 467ead4a5bd94b97bef80fc0a0e93540 |swift|True|swift@localhost| +----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+

3.3 创建镜像（Glance）

创建

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# ls /soft/ cirros-0.5.2-x86_64-disk.img [root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# glance image-create \\ > --name cirros \\ > --disk-format qcow2 \\ > --container-format bare \\ > --file=/soft/cirros-0.5.2-x86_64-disk.img \\ > --is-public true --progress [=============================> ] 100% +------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Property| Value| +------------------+--------------------------------------+ | checksum| b874c39491a2377b8490f5f1e89761a4| | container_format | bare| | created_at| 2022-05-13T01:13:54| | deleted| False| | deleted_at| None| | disk_format| qcow2| | id| 6a8eeae6-fae9-4665-ab32-684fda6a334f | | is_public| True| | min_disk| 0| | min_ram| 0| | name| cirros| | owner| 4f82f5364afd4b43bd617d9db95004ce| | protected| False| | size| 16300544| | status| active| | updated_at| 2022-05-13T01:13:54| | virtual_size| None| +------------------+--------------------------------------+

查看

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# glance image-list +--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+ | ID| Name| Disk Format | Container Format | Size| Status | +--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+ | 6a8eeae6-fae9-4665-ab32-684fda6a334f | cirros | qcow2| bare| 16300544 | active | +--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+

3.4 创建规格（Nova）

创建

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# nova flavor-create m2.tiny auto 2048 5 1 +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID| Name| Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 5b8a69da-76a8-494d-b605-7413689204de | m2.tiny | 2048| 5| 0|| 1| 1.0| True| +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

查看

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# nova flavor-list +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID| Name| Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 1| m1.tiny| 512| 1| 0|| 1| 1.0| True| | 2| m1.small| 2048| 20| 0|| 1| 1.0| True| | 3| m1.medium | 4096| 40| 0|| 2| 1.0| True| | 4| m1.large| 8192| 80| 0|| 4| 1.0| True| | 5| m1.xlarge | 16384| 160| 0|| 8| 1.0| True| | 5b8a69da-76a8-494d-b605-7413689204de | m2.tiny| 2048| 5| 0|| 1| 1.0| True| +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

3.5 创建网络（Neutron） 3.5.1 创建公网

创建公网

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# source keystonerc_cloudcs [root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-create public Created a new network: +-----------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +-----------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up| True| | id| fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | | name| public| | router:external | False| | shared| False| | status| ACTIVE| | subnets|| | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +-----------------+--------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-list +--------------------------------------+--------+------------------------------------------------------+ | id| name| subnets| +--------------------------------------+--------+------------------------------------------------------+ | fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | public | 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 192.168.45.0/24 | +--------------------------------------+--------+------------------------------------------------------+

创建公网子网

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron subnet-create \\ > --name public_sub \\ > --allocation-pool start=192.168.45.230,end=192.168.45.240 \\ > --disable-dhcp \\ > --gateway 192.168.45.254 public 192.168.45.0/24 Created a new subnet: +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | allocation_pools| "start": "192.168.45.230", "end": "192.168.45.240" | | cidr| 192.168.45.0/24| | dns_nameservers|| | enable_dhcp| False| | gateway_ip| 192.168.45.254| | host_routes|| | id| 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12| | ip_version| 4| | ipv6_address_mode || | ipv6_ra_mode|| | name| public_sub| | network_id| fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024| | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron subnet-list +--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | id| name| cidr| allocation_pools| +--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 | public_sub | 192.168.45.0/24 | "start": "192.168.45.230", "end": "192.168.45.240" | +--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+

将网络更新为共享的和外部的

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# source keystonerc_admin [root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# neutron net-update --shared=true --router:external=true public Updated network: public[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# neutron net-show public +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up| True| | id| fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | | name| public| | provider:network_type| vxlan| | provider:physical_network || | provider:segmentation_id| 10| | router:external| True| | shared| True| | status| ACTIVE| | subnets| 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 | | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+

3.5.2 创建私网

创建私网

[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# source keystonerc_cloudcs [root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-create private Created a new network: +-----------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +-----------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up| True| | id| e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d | | name| private| | router:external | False| | shared| False| | status| ACTIVE| | subnets|| | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +-----------------+--------------------------------------+

创建私网子网

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron subnet-create --name private_sub --enable-dhcp private 192.168.100.0/24 Created a new subnet: +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | allocation_pools| "start": "192.168.100.2", "end": "192.168.100.254" | | cidr| 192.168.100.0/24| | dns_nameservers|| | enable_dhcp| True| | gateway_ip| 192.168.100.1| | host_routes|| | id| 82a5961c-4cda-43e1-b464-445079d14c42| | ip_version| 4| | ipv6_address_mode || | ipv6_ra_mode|| | name| private_sub| | network_id| e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d| | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-list +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+ | id| name| subnets| +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+ | fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | public| 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 192.168.45.0/24| | e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d | private | 82a5961c-4cda-43e1-b464-445079d14c42 192.168.100.0/24 | +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+ [root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron subnet-list +--------------------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | id| name| cidr| allocation_pools| +--------------------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 | public_sub| 192.168.45.0/24| "start": "192.168.45.230", "end": "192.168.45.240" | | 82a5961c-4cda-43e1-b464-445079d14c42 | private_sub | 192.168.100.0/24 | "start": "192.168.100.2", "end": "192.168.100.254" | +--------------------------------------+-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+

3.5.3 创建路由

创建路由

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron router-create router01 Created a new router: +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up| True| | external_gateway_info || | id| 3dd25c07-7b77-48e0-ae24-9b3a162b3df7 | | name| router01| | routes|| | status| ACTIVE| | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +-----------------------+--------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron router-list +--------------------------------------+----------+-----------------------+ | id| name| external_gateway_info | +--------------------------------------+----------+-----------------------+ | 3dd25c07-7b77-48e0-ae24-9b3a162b3df7 | router01 | null| +--------------------------------------+----------+-----------------------+

设置网关

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron router-gateway-set router01 public Set gateway for router router01

设置路由接口

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron router-interface-add router01 private_sub Added interface 05534215-7af5-4248-8903-f3e038cdefbd to router router01.

3.6 创建安全组（Neutron）

创建安全组

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-create sec01 [root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-list +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+ | id| name| description | +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+ | 90fc7f5d-8458-49b6-8cd3-489ea8a6d3e7 | sec01|| | 93737ddb-4750-469f-9946-8af3fb6e2f81 | default | default| +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+

设置安全组规则，添加入方向 icmp（ping）及 22（ssh）端口

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-rule-create --direction ingress --protocol icmp sec01 Created a new security_group_rule: +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | direction| ingress| | ethertype| IPv4| | id| 4c5d001a-93fa-4a13-bd53-dd4df135eb92 | | port_range_max|| | port_range_min|| | protocol| icmp| | remote_group_id|| | remote_ip_prefix|| | security_group_id | 90fc7f5d-8458-49b6-8cd3-489ea8a6d3e7 | | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +-------------------+--------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-rule-create --direction ingress --protocol tcp --port-range-min 22 --port-range-max 22 sec01 Created a new security_group_rule: +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | direction| ingress| | ethertype| IPv4| | id| 6da3efb0-9190-4506-a475-264489dd7453 | | port_range_max| 22| | port_range_min| 22| | protocol| tcp| | remote_group_id|| | remote_ip_prefix|| | security_group_id | 90fc7f5d-8458-49b6-8cd3-489ea8a6d3e7 | | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +-------------------+--------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-rule-list +--------------------------------------+----------------+-----------+----------+------------------+--------------+ | id| security_group | direction | protocol | remote_ip_prefix | remote_group | +--------------------------------------+----------------+-----------+----------+------------------+--------------+ | 2e75fd97-cd8b-48fd-b82a-5b563a32dc4e | sec01| egress|||| | 46a11379-afe2-4873-8768-e43ca55887e3 | default| ingress||| default| | 4c5d001a-93fa-4a13-bd53-dd4df135eb92 | sec01| ingress| icmp||| | 620144c0-5d45-4605-8855-562e7c8c6a89 | default| ingress||| default| | 6da3efb0-9190-4506-a475-264489dd7453 | sec01| ingress| tcp||| | 8b9fb51a-e8ed-4963-b8d5-3545e4b133f9 | default| egress|||| | cd3c2347-915f-4545-af4b-7f30da58cfb5 | default| egress|||| | d4f1cefd-f604-43e7-8124-ea93661a810c | sec01| egress|||| +--------------------------------------+----------------+-----------+----------+------------------+--------------+

3.7 创建密钥（Nova）

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova keypair-add key01 > key01.pem [root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# ls anaconda-ks.cfgDesktopDownloadskey01.pemkeystonerc_cloudcsMusicPublicVideos cloudcs.txtDocumentsinitial-setup-ks.cfgkeystonerc_adminkeystonerc_userPicturesTemplates

3.8 创建云主机（Nova） 3.8.1 获取所需信息

获取规格

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova flavor-list +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID| Name| Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 1| m1.tiny| 512| 1| 0|| 1| 1.0| True| | 2| m1.small| 2048| 20| 0|| 1| 1.0| True| | 3| m1.medium | 4096| 40| 0|| 2| 1.0| True| | 4| m1.large| 8192| 80| 0|| 4| 1.0| True| | 5| m1.xlarge | 16384| 160| 0|| 8| 1.0| True| | 5b8a69da-76a8-494d-b605-7413689204de | m2.tiny| 2048| 5| 0|| 1| 1.0| True| +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+

获取镜像

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# glance image-list +--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+ | ID| Name| Disk Format | Container Format | Size| Status | +--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+ | 6a8eeae6-fae9-4665-ab32-684fda6a334f | cirros | qcow2| bare| 16300544 | active | +--------------------------------------+--------+-------------+------------------+----------+--------+

获取密钥

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova keypair-list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Name| Fingerprint| +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | key01 | 69:d5:8c:63:b1:f6:fe:3f:f6:60:fe:11:7c:9a:87:dd | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+

获取安全组

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron security-group-list +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+ | id| name| description | +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+ | 90fc7f5d-8458-49b6-8cd3-489ea8a6d3e7 | sec01|| | 93737ddb-4750-469f-9946-8af3fb6e2f81 | default | default| +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+

获取私网 net-id

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron net-list +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+ | id| name| subnets| +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+ | fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | public| 41b0163e-fe41-4392-ae21-88b63064da12 192.168.45.0/24| | e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d | private | 82a5961c-4cda-43e1-b464-445079d14c42 192.168.100.0/24 | +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+

3.8.2 创建云主机

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova boot \\ > --flavor m2.tiny \\ > --image cirros \\ > --min-count 1 \\ > --key-name key01 \\ > --security-groups sec01 \\ > --nic net-id=e2986914-856f-4360-a292-da845804073d ecs01 +--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | Property| Value| +--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | OS-DCF:diskConfig| MANUAL| | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone| nova| | OS-EXT-STS:power_state| 0| | OS-EXT-STS:task_state| scheduling| | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state| building| | OS-SRV-USG:launched_at| -| | OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at| -| | accessIPv4|| | accessIPv6|| | adminPass| gL6QDnAcTedj| | config_drive|| | created| 2022-05-13T02:29:08Z| | flavor| m2.tiny (5b8a69da-76a8-494d-b605-7413689204de) | | hostId|| | id| 342631e7-e540-45e0-b79b-e487f811a01e| | image| cirros (6a8eeae6-fae9-4665-ab32-684fda6a334f)| | key_name| key01| | metadata|| | name| ecs01| | os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | []| | progress| 0| | security_groups| sec01| | status| BUILD| | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| | updated| 2022-05-13T02:29:08Z| | user_id| f95c9cbf86c14468bd1527b8b9bd6a9f| +--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova list +--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------------+ | ID| Name| Status | Task State | Power State | Networks| +--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------------+ | 342631e7-e540-45e0-b79b-e487f811a01e | ecs01 | ACTIVE | -| Running| private=192.168.100.2 | +--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------------+

3.9 绑定浮动IP 3.9.1 申请浮动 IP（Neutron）

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron floatingip-create public Created a new floatingip: +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field| Value| +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | fixed_ip_address|| | floating_ip_address | 192.168.45.231| | floating_network_id | fc27b34c-1505-43a7-a454-f254d65aa024 | | id| e13cdca7-1314-4f88-a080-acc98d6b57a2 | | port_id|| | router_id|| | status| DOWN| | tenant_id| a530945733cb4bf4b48291516b4f0871| +---------------------+--------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# neutron floatingip-list +--------------------------------------+------------------+---------------------+---------+ | id| fixed_ip_address | floating_ip_address | port_id | +--------------------------------------+------------------+---------------------+---------+ | e13cdca7-1314-4f88-a080-acc98d6b57a2 || 192.168.45.231|| +--------------------------------------+------------------+---------------------+---------+

3.9.2 绑定浮动 IP（Nova）

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova floating-ip-associate ecs01 192.168.45.231 [root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova list +--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ | ID| Name| Status | Task State | Power State | Networks| +--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ | 342631e7-e540-45e0-b79b-e487f811a01e | ecs01 | ACTIVE | -| Running| private=192.168.100.2, 192.168.45.231 | +--------------------------------------+-------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------------+

宿主机尝试 ping
C:\\Users\\cloudcs> ping 192.168.45.231

【G020-OP-INS-RHEL-02 RedHat OpenStack 发放云主机（命令行）】正在 Ping 192.168.45.231 具有 32 字节的数据:
来自 192.168.45.231 的回复: 字节=32 时间=3ms TTL=63
来自 192.168.45.231 的回复: 字节=32 时间=1ms TTL=63
来自 192.168.45.231 的回复: 字节=32 时间=2ms TTL=63
来自 192.168.45.231 的回复: 字节=32 时间=4ms TTL=63
192.168.45.231 的 Ping 统计信息:
数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，
往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
最短 = 1ms，最长 = 4ms，平均 = 2ms

## 3.10 绑定云硬盘### 3.10.1 申请云硬盘（Cinder）```shell [root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# cinder create --display-name evs01 2 +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ |Property|Value| +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ |attachments|[]| |availability_zone|nova| |bootable|false| |created_at|2022-05-13T02:41:44.744620| | display_description |None| |display_name|evs01| |encrypted|False| |id| 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 | |metadata|| |size|2| |snapshot_id|None| |source_volid|None| |status|creating| |volume_type|None| +---------------------+--------------------------------------+[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# cinder list +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+ |ID|Status| Display Name | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+ | 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 | available |evs01|2|None|false|| +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+

3.10.2 附加云硬盘（Nova）

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# nova volume-attach ecs01 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 +----------+--------------------------------------+ | Property | Value| +----------+--------------------------------------+ | device| /dev/vdb| | id| 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 | | serverId | 342631e7-e540-45e0-b79b-e487f811a01e | | volumeId | 47c82317-5477-495a-a357-bac3c22c05a6 | +----------+--------------------------------------+

4 登录操作 4.1 登录云主机

[root@controller ~(keystone_cloudcs)]# ssh -i key01.pem cirros@192.168.45.231The authenticity of host 192.168.45.231 (192.168.45.231) cant be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is f4:01:49:1e:4b:99:77:b1:80:45:53:6f:b9:c1:ae:9e. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 192.168.45.231 (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.$ sudo -i # ip a 1: lo: < LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: < BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1400 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether fa:16:3e:c8:25:c0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.100.2/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fec8:25c0/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

4.2 使用云硬盘 4.2.1 格式化云硬盘

查看

# fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 92674365-8FD5-41C2-B173-9F3F1E3BA5A1DeviceStartEndSectors Size Type /dev/vda118432 10485726 104672955G Linux filesystem /dev/vda15204818431163848M EFI SystemPartition table entries are not in disk order.Disk /dev/vdb: 2 GiB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

创建分区

# fdisk /dev/vdbWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.33). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command.Device does not contain a recognized partition table. Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x0a2fc205.Command (m for help): n Partition type pprimary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) eextended (container for logical partitions) Select (default p): Using default response p. Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-4194303, default 2048): Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-sizeK,M,G,T,P (2048-4194303, default 4194303): Created a new partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB.Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.

格式化

# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb1 mke2fs 1.44.5 (15-Dec-2018) Creating filesystem with 524032 4k blocks and 131072 inodes Filesystem UUID: 0626ceb7-4e89-476a-b2f8-391455bc1e77 Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

4.2.2 创建文件系统

# mkdir /data # mount /dev/vdb1 /data/ # df -Th FilesystemTypeSizeUsed Available Use% Mounted on /devdevtmpfs986.7M0986.7M0% /dev /dev/vda1ext34.9G31.5M4.7G1% / tmpfstmpfs993.8M0993.8M0% /dev/shm tmpfstmpfs993.8M84.0K993.7M0% /run /dev/vdb1ext31.9G3.0M1.8G0% /data